talinum

• selected for edem

  • talinum fruticosum

    • staple
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    • wiki
    • products
      • leave
    • how to distinguish
    • food : talinum fruticosum is a perennial, succulent, herbaceous shrub characterized by erect, smooth, fleshy stems, glossy green elliptic to spatulate leaves, small star-shaped pink flowers in loose cymes, and small round capsules containing shiny black seeds.

    • properties:

      • roots: fleshy, fibrous, moderately deep
      • leaves: edible, succulent, mucilaginous, nutrient-rich
      • flowers: small, pink, star-shaped, ornamental
      • fruits: globular capsules containing seeds
      • seeds: small, shiny, black, nutrient-rich

    • environment:

      • thrives best in consistently warm and moist tropical to subtropical climates, requiring fertile and well-drained soils

      • climate:

        • optimal in tropical and subtropical environments; sensitive to frost
        • Sun: 600–900 w/m² (partial to full sun)
        • No Sun Days: 10
        • Water: 800–1800 mm yearly rains
        • No Water Days: 14
        • Humidity: 60–80%
        • Fog Resistance: 20
        • Max Temp: 40
        • Optimal Temp: 25–32
        • Min Temp: 10
        • Wind Damage: “strong”, “storm”

      • soil:

        • fertile, well-drained loamy soils rich in organic matter
        • Soil Ph: 5.5–7.5

    • spacing:

      • recommended spacing 20–40 cm between plants, suitable for garden beds and borders
      • good-neighbors: abelmoschus esculentus , ocimum tenuiflorum, allium
      • bad-neighbors: mentha, cymbopogon
      • max-height: 80
      • max-spread: 50

    • lifecycle:

      • longevity: 4 years
      • germination: germinates rapidly in 7–14 days under warm conditions (24–28°C), in moist, loose soils
      • seedling: seedlings grow quickly, forming established plants with fleshy foliage within 4–6 weeks
      • mature: matures within 60–80 days, continuously producing edible leaves, flowers, and seeds regularly
      • death: plant typically declines and dies after 3–4 years or earlier if exposed to prolonged cold or drought
    • features: edible leaves, drought-tolerant, fast-growing, high nutritional value, succulent
      • layer: herbaceous layer, shrub layer, understory
      • products: salad, medicinal extracts, ornamental flowers, seeds

    • chemical compounds

      • compound	plant part	amount (approx.)	notes
        mucilage	leaves	3–5% fresh weight	digestion aid, moisture retention
        flavonoids	leaves	2–4 mg/g dry weight	quercetin, kaempferol; antioxidants
        flavonoids	flowers	1–3 mg/g dry weight	pigmentation and antioxidant activity
        [[vitamin c	ascorbic acid]]	leaves	40–60 mg/100g fresh weight
        β-carotene	leaves	3500–4500 IU/100g fresh weight	vitamin a precursor; supports vision and growth
        calcium	leaves	120–200 mg/100g fresh weight	cellular structure and signaling
        iron	leaves	3–5 mg/100g fresh weight	chlorophyll formation, metabolic function
        antioxidants	leaves	5–8 µmol TE/g fresh weight	combats oxidative stress
        saponins	roots	trace (<1%)	antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory potential
        alkaloids	roots	trace (<0.5%)	potential bioactive properties
        alkaloids	fruits	trace (<0.5%)	potential bioactive properties
        fatty acids	fruits	2–4% dry weight	linoleic acid and oleic acid
        essential fatty acids	seeds	15–25% dry weight	omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids
        proteins	seeds	12–18% dry weight	essential amino acids
        phenolic compounds	flowers	0.5–1.5 mg/g dry weight	ferulic acid , caffeic acid ; antioxidant
        phytosterols	leaves	present	campesterol, sitosterol; brassinosteroid (growth hormones)
        terpenoids	leaves	present	plant defense and growth regulators

      • operations:

        • propagation: propagated easily by seed or stem cuttings, stem cuttings root readily in moist soil or water within 7–10 days
        • maintenance: minimal maintenance; regular watering during dry periods, occasional fertilization with organic compost improves leaf yield
        • harvest: leaves harvested regularly once plants mature, ideally picking younger leaves for culinary uses and medicinal extracts, flowers harvested occasionally for ornamental purposes or extracts

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  • talinum paniculatum

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    • 
    • wiki
    • salad: leave and stem
    • products
      • leave
    • food : talinum paniculatum is a perennial, erect succulent herbaceous plant with smooth, fleshy branching stems, glossy succulent elliptic leaves, small pink star-shaped flowers in loose panicles, and round capsules containing tiny black seeds.

    • properties

      • roots: fibrous, moderately fleshy, shallow-rooted
        • compounds: saponins, alkaloids (trace amounts)
      • leaves: succulent, edible, elliptic to spatulate, glossy green
        • compounds: vitamin a, ascorbic acid, vitamin e; calcium, iron, magnesium; flavonoids, phenolic acids, mucilage, carotenoids
      • flowers: small, pink, star-shaped, arranged in airy panicles
        • compounds: flavonoids, phenolic compounds
      • fruits: small round capsules with numerous tiny black seeds
        • compounds: fatty acids, alkaloids, antioxidants
      • seeds: tiny, shiny, black
        • compounds: essential fatty acids, proteins

      • environment:

        • grows optimally in warm, humid conditions with fertile, well-drained soils under partial to full sun

        • climate:

          • prefers tropical and subtropical climates; sensitive to frost
          • Sun: 600–900 W/m²
          • No Sun Days: 10
          • Water: 800–1500 mm yearly rains
          • No Water Days: 14
          • Humidity: 60–80%
          • Fog Resistance: 15
          • Max Temp: 40
          • Optimal Temp: 24–32
          • Min Temp: 8
          • Wind Damage: strong, storm

        • soil:

          • thrives in fertile, well-drained loamy or sandy-loam soils rich in organic matter
          • Soil Ph: 5.5–7.5
          • Soil Type: loamy, sandy-loam, clay-loam

        • spacing:

          • optimal spacing is 20–30 cm between plants for proper air circulation and growth
          • good-neighbors: ocimum, allium
          • bad-neighbors: mentha, cymbopogon
          • max-height: 100
          • max-spread: 60

      • lifecycle

        • longevity: 4 years
        • germination: seeds germinate quickly within 7–14 days under warm (22–28°C), moist conditions
        • seedling: seedlings rapidly establish succulent foliage within 4–6 weeks after germination, requiring regular watering
        • mature: plants mature and produce flowers within 60–90 days, continually yielding edible leaves and seeds throughout growing season
        • death: gradually declines after 3–4 years or earlier under unfavorable conditions such as frost or prolonged drought
      • features: salad, ornamental flowers, succulent, drought tolerant, fast-growing, medicinal
      • layer: herbaceous layer, understory, shrub layer
      • products: salad, ornamental flowers, medicinal extracts, seeds

      • chemical compounds

        • compound name	plant part	class	reported activity
          phytol	stem	prenol lipid	anti-inflammatory, antioxidant
          beta-sitosterol	stem	phytosterol	cholesterol-lowering, anti-inflammatory
          beta-sitosterol	root	phytosterol	cholesterol-lowering, anti-inflammatory
          stigmasterol	stem	phytosterol	antioxidant, anti-inflammatory
          stigmasterol	root	phytosterol	antioxidant, anti-inflammatory
          cycloergostanol acetate derivative	leaf	steroid derivative	potential anticancer, anti-inflammatory
          dibutyldimethylurea	root	urea derivative	antimicrobial
          phytol	leaf	diterpenoid	antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer
          oleic acid	stem	fatty acid	anti-inflammatory, cardiovascular health
          ethyl palmitate	stem	fatty acid ester	antimicrobial
          phytol	stem	diterpenoid	antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer
          vinylguaiacol	leaf	phenolic compound	antioxidant, antimicrobial
          syringol	leaf	phenolic compound	antioxidant, antimicrobial
          eugenol	leaf	phenolic compound	antioxidant, antimicrobial, analgesic
          phytol acetate	stem	diterpenoid ester	antioxidant, antimicrobial

    • operations

      • propagation: easily propagated by seeds or stem cuttings; cuttings root readily in moist soil or water within 7–10 days
      • maintenance: minimal care required; regular watering during drought, occasional organic fertilization enhances foliage and flower production
      • harvest: regularly harvest young edible leaves for consumption; flowers harvested for ornamental use or medicinal extracts; seeds harvested when capsules mature and dry

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• how to distinguish