fatty acids are organic compounds composed of a hydrocarbon chain terminating with a carboxyl group (–COOH). they are crucial components of lipids, essential for energy storage, cellular membrane structure, hormone synthesis, and signaling processes in living organisms.
chemical properties
structure: hydrocarbon chains (saturated or unsaturated), carboxyl functional group
solubility: insoluble in water; soluble in organic solvents and fats
fatty acids, especially omega-3 and omega-6, have important roles in maintaining cardiovascular health, reducing inflammation, supporting neurological function, and regulating metabolism.
essential fatty acids, such as linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid, are critical for brain development, skin health, immune function, and the prevention of chronic diseases.
fatty acids influence hormonal balance, impacting reproductive health and cellular growth.
certain fatty acids (e.g., lauric acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid) exhibit direct antimicrobial effects against bacteria, fungi, and viruses, mainly through disruption of microbial cell membranes.