phenolic compounds

• phenolic compounds are bioactive plant metabolites characterized by aromatic rings containing hydroxyl (-OH) groups. widely distributed in fruits, vegetables, herbs, and grains, they play essential roles as antioxidants, protecting plants from pathogens, ultraviolet radiation, and oxidative stress.

• chemical properties

  • structure: aromatic benzene rings with hydroxyl groups
  • solubility: varies widely; generally soluble in water, alcohols, and organic solvents

• categories:

  • phenolic acids (e.g., caffeic acid, ferulic acid)
  • flavonoids (e.g., quercetin, kaempferol)
  • tannins (e.g., catechin, epigallocatechin gallate)
  • stilbenes (e.g., resveratrol)

• usefulness in medicine

  • phenolic compounds exhibit strong antioxidant activity, helping prevent chronic diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases
  • they possess anti-inflammatory properties beneficial in managing arthritis, allergies, and autoimmune disorders.
  • phenolics support cardiovascular health by reducing inflammation, improving endothelial function, and lowering blood pressure.